A Portrait of The Artist Essay Example For Students

Shifting Paradigms In The Non Aligned Movement Politics Essay

Moving Paradigms In The Non Aligned Movement Politics Essay The idea of Non Aligned Movement or NAM isn't a regulation or a doctrine. It is a procedure. It is a perspective on with a certain goal in mind. It is against authority, against arm-contorting by the rich and the amazing. Non-alignmentâ [1]â does not mean disconnection or lack of bias. It is an autonomous development focusing on that countries ought to follow their own approaches without joining any of the force alliances (in the period when they had existed) and falling under their impact. A neutral country makes a decision about each issue on its benefits. As it were, non-arrangement maintains the privileges of all states to opportunity and decision of activity in the universal field. One of the principal parts of non-arrangement is its unfriendliness to military partnerships and resistance to any type of government. The post Second World War period saw a time of enlivening and ascent of political and patriot goals of oppressed individuals over the world. The hundreds of years old marvel of expansionism began disintegrating lastly gave way. Numerous new autonomous states appeared in Asia and Africa in the wake of having lost the burden of remote mastery. It was additionally when the virus war between the Soviet and the US coalitions was getting strengthened. The super powers attempted to prevail upon these recently free nations to their separate coalitions. Be that as it may, some of them detested the possibility of accommodation to any of the super powers or for political tendency towards any of them. They needed to seek after a free international strategy of their own as opposed to falling in line of any force coalition. It was this technique of not joining both of the two force coalitions and following a free international strategy that came to be known as Non-arrangement. The recently free nations for the most part in Asia and Africa had practically indistinguishable issues of economy, government, improvement, and so on and thusly they shared numerous perspectives for all intents and purpose on world undertakings. These African and Asian nations in this manner tried to handle their issues at a gathering held at Bandung in Indonesia in 1955. Thirty Asian and African countries went to it. India, China and Indonesia assumed a main job at this gathering. Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru, the then head administrator of India, the then Chinese Prime Minister Chou-En-Lat and the then President Sukarno of Indonesia communicated total character of perspectives. The effect of this meeting was felt in the United Nations too. This was additionally the start of the Non-Aligned Movement. These Afro-Asian nations pronounced themselves neutralists. The designation uncommitted was received at an ensuing gathering held at Belgrade in 1961. Extent OF RESEARCH Over the span of setting up the last accommodation, the understudy scientist has basically attempted in investigate the accompanying essential research questions, to be specific: The degree to which the Non Aligned Movement has influenced the world governmental issues? Indias job concerning the Non Aligned Movement thinking about that it is one of the establishing individuals and has as of late risen as a worldwide monetary superpower? The degree to which the present discussion on the contemporaneous essentialness of Non Aligned Movement applicable? Measures can be taken to guarantee that Non Aligned Movement develops as a more grounded power in current world legislative issues? Confinement OF RESEARCH While attempting to give solid response to the examination addresses planned over, the understudy specialist has expected to set up this last research accommodation which is both informative and exploratory in scope. Likewise, the understudy specialist has expected to basically investigate the exploration question encircled with the end goal of conclusive research accommodation. According to the abovementioned, the understudy analyst has attempted to introduce a review of the Non Aligned Movement, chronicled advancement, its significant commitment to worldwide governmental issues, advantages and disadvantages related with the equivalent, and so on through this last research accommodation. Additionally, the understudy analyst has attempted to basically contrast Indias activities and that of different nations of the world and look at the different estimates received by them in fortifying the Non Aligned Movement. Confinement OF RESEARCH The understudy specialist presents that very little writing has been accessible on the equivalent in the NUJS college library and other conspicuous libraries in Kolkata. Subsequently, the understudy scientist has depended on the electronic assets for finishing of his last research accommodation. Likewise, this accommodation is, not the slightest bit, to be viewed as thorough and there will be a lot of degree for additional exploration. Having said this, the understudy scientist has attempted, inside his constrained abilities, to fundamentally investigate the examination addresses confined for the reason and present a worth impartial accommodation. Philosophy OF RESEARCH Since the current accommodation offered no degree for observational research, the examination system received by the understudy specialist was altogether doctrinal. The understudy analyst has broke down the exploration inquiries by making a worth nonpartisan investigation of the equivalent. In doing likewise, the understudy specialist has not let his own sentiment impact the exploration questions or the examination all in all, to the most extreme degree conceivable. NON ALIGNMENT MOVEMENT ITS ORIGINS, IDEOLOGY AND A LITTLE MORE The individuals who were not with us were against us. Stalin A nation must shelter be on one side or the other and a third way doesn't exist. Chinese Communist Supremo Mao The term non-arrangement has a particular significance. Numerous Western researchers mean by non-arrangement, nonpartisanship or neutralism just; however that probably won't be a right translation. Schwarzenbergerâ [2]â has proposed some related terms-nonintervention, non-responsibility, lack of bias, balance, unilateralism and non association. Nonintervention represents arrangements of standoffish quality shifting from the known disconnection of the US before the First World War to stances of harmlessness in global issues. Non duty alludes to governmental issues of separation for different powers in a triangular or multicorner relationship. Lack of bias depicts the political and lawful status of a nation at war, regarding belligerents. Balance implies a changeless impartial status of a specific state which it can't surrender under any conditions, eg. Switzerland is a killed state. Unilateralism is related to arrangements of determined dangers, for example, the pulverization of own atomic weapons at ones own case. Non association implies avoiding the ideological battle between the distinctive super powers, however allowing a specific level of adaptability when totally unavoidable. Non-arrangement has a more extensive importance than all the previously mentioned terms and in this way has a particular character. It implies a country seeking after such an arrangement need not be unbiased under all conditions. In contrast to impartiality, non arrangement targets fending off however it wards off not from a specific clash or issue yet from an enduring universal pressure like virus war. Since military partnerships were a significant part of cold war, non arrangement normally demanded disregarding from these unions. It is, consequently, an international strategy point of view that advocates opportunity from promise to any power coalition; it weights on the freedom of decision and activity in outer undertakings. The approach of not lining up with any alliance, and yet being well disposed to everybody, so it may be achievable to moderatingly affect worldwide relations, came to be prominently known as non-arrangement. It would empower a country to pass judgment on each i ssue on justify and choose its course autonomously without being impacted by any dedication or inclination. Non-arrangement is neither a uninvolved nor a negative approach. To the extent that the contrary appearance of the term non-arrangement is concerned, it ought to be comprehended in the frontal area of the methods of mulling over of Indian individuals who have communicated numerous positive and useful thoughts through negative articulations, for example, Ahimsa and Apramad. As a positive idea it has a few measurements. It is normal that non-arrangement ought to contradict certain qualities and simultaneously advance some others which are in congruity with its essential direction. The main objectives of the neutral development in the fifties and the sixties were decolonization and the conservation of global harmony. Generally, it has been contributing emphatically for achieving of another worldwide monetary request and another data request dependent on value, equity, opportunity and destruction of abuse and predominance. It is sure since it takes a stab at specific objectives and qualities. As a lobbyist and dynamic strategy, it takes explicit sides on the benefits of each case. This infers issue bound tilts in non arrangement are viewed as real and the idea, accordingly, doesn't suggest equidistance from any of the current superpowers. And yet, it additionally dismisses the possibility of characteristic partners as of late authored to legitimize certain unions of the neutral states with specific forces. It is subsequently a functioning strategy as it imagines a functioning job for the uncommitted nations on the planet undertakings. For an increasingly productive and worldwide campaigning power, 29 free African and Asian nations met in the Indonesian city of Bandung somewhere in the range of 18 and 24 April, 1955 with the point of expounding upon the standards of tranquil concurrence and making the Dasa Sila Bandung (Bandungs Ten Principles). [3] None of them needed to join any of the coalitions, in this manner, they picked non-arrangement, which later on, first in Cairo, June 1961, at that point, in Belgrade, September 1961, was broadened and formalized as NAM. To cite Calvocoressi: The key accomplishments of the Bandung Conference were that they had met and became more acquainted with each other (a large portion of them were new to global legislative issues); that they had established the frameworks for joint activity at the United Nation and, through solidarity, expanded their secur

How Stress Contributes to Sleep Problems

How Stress Contributes to Sleep Problems Sleep and Dreaming Print Getting Quality Sleep When Stressed By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on February 21, 2017 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 24, 2019 Biggie Productions/Taxi/Getty Images More in Psychology Sleep and Dreaming Psychotherapy Basics Student Resources History and Biographies Theories Phobias Emotions Sleep is an important resource that keeps you healthy, mentally sharp, and able to cope with stress more effectively, among other things. Unfortunately, stressed and busy people tend to get less sleep than they need. According to a poll on this site, roughly 50% of readers like you are missing enough sleep to triple their risk of a car accident. Learn some of the reasons why stress and sleep deprivation seem to go together, and important techniques for getting the sleep you need. Factors That Contribute to Lack of Sleep The following are all common factors that contribute to lack of sleep: Overthinking: Many people take their work home with them, either physically or metaphorically. And it makes sense: with today’s demanding workloads, it’s often difficult to come home from a day of troubleshooting and automatically stop thinking about all the, well, trouble. Stay-at-home parents and students can experience this as well. If you find yourself still trying to solve problems at the end of the day, and the thoughts won’t seem to leave your mind, this can make sleep come much more difficult. It can even disrupt your sleep in the middle of the night  as you transition between sleep stages.Caffeine: People under stress tend to consume significant amounts of caffeine to get a boost that gets them going in the morning or helps them make it through the day. Caffeine can actually exacerbate stress levels and significantly affect the amount and quality of sleep you get.Cortisol: This stress hormone is one of the key players responsible for the fight or flight responseâ€"that jolt of energy you get when you feel stressed or threatened that enables you to respond. Unfortunately, chronic stress can lead to excessive levels of cortisol, and this can disrupt healthy sleep patterns.Overscheduling: A hectic, busy life can rob you of time you can actually dedicate to sleep. If you find yourself pushing your bed time back further and further to get things done, or getting up earlier and earlier in the name of productivity, you may feel tired a lot of the time but not realize the toll lack of sleep is taking.Anxiety: Like overthinking, anxiety can make sleep difficult and wake you up at night. Anxiety keeps your mind busy as you imagine threatening scenarios and worry about what may happen next. You may become preoccupied with finding solutions. That racing of your mind can rob you of sleep by keeping your cortisol levels high, making sleep harder to achieve. How to Get the Sleep You Need Try these tips if you find yourself regularly short on sleep: Maintain Healthy Nighttime Habits: Keeping regular sleep-promoting  nighttime habits can go a long way toward helping you consistently get more high-quality sleep.  Here are some sleep-doctor-recommended strategies for promoting sleep by maintaining the right habits.Release Your Stress: One great way to purge your body of stress so your mind can relax is to learn progressive muscle relaxation and deep muscle relaxation techniques. Meditation is also a proven tool to relax your body and quiet your mind; it can easily transition you into sleep.  Here is how to get started with meditation.Have Sex: A favorite way for many people to relax before bedâ€"one you may have already thought ofâ€"is sexual activity. Sex with a loving partner (or solo) can give you a dose of relaxing hormones and provide several other stress management benefits. Unfortunately, many people find that stress zaps their sex drive. Here are some tips on getting in the mood when stressed. When All Else Failsâ€"Nap If youve done everything you can and youre exhausted anyway, don’t underestimate the value of the power nap. Its not recommended to take naps if youre having difficulty sleeping because it may decrease your nighttime sleepiness.  However, if the problem is not that you cant fall asleep but that you dont have enough time to sleep because you are too busy, fitting some naptime into your day can really help.  Napping can increase your productivity and give you a valuable dose of sleep when you need it. And when youre well-rested, you can be less reactive toward stress.

Social Learning and Child Development - 878 Words

Play helps equip children for what life may throw at them. Children are born to be actively engaged and explore the world with their own eyes. Through play children learn what it means to fail in life as well as what it means to accomplish a goal. Play is not only a strategy to keep children entertained in early childhood, but also allows children to learn how to create and work together at an early stage. Children at play has been undervalued by society without realizing that â€Å"playfulness is that benign base on which the most valuable worlds of children can be successfully built (Iakov, 2012, p. 25),† meaning that play is a fundamental strategy that assist children to develop experiences for the future. It is very upsetting that society†¦show more content†¦One can see here that Piaget’s theory on the preoperational stage is factual since the girls imagination began to fly and learn independently by creating their own world. As children play, the  "sociodramatic play allows children to†¦ explore and rehearse the social roles around them, test their ability to explain and to convince playmates of their ideas, practice regulating emotions by pretending to be afraid, angry, brave and so on†¦ (Berger, 2009, p. 287).† Through pretend play, children are able to think for themselves and discover new ideas that will help them be independent. They can learn to solve problems, build social skills, and negotiate with classmates. Thus, Piaget stated that during preoperational stage children use symbols through objects to represent something else. For example, â€Å"pretend play leads to the use of symbols, the recombining of ideas, and the manipulation of object representations, which are part of transformation ability and insight ability, both creative skills (Hoffman et al, 2011, p. 175).† During pretend play, children are given the gift to create their own environment by using symbols as well as their imaginatio n. Children learn the most when they enjoy what they are doing. Above all, Piaget’s cognitive stage clarifies that children stretch their minds when they use their imaginations to create a different world. Social learning plays a big role in a child’sShow MoreRelatedSupport The Positive Parenting Of A Child s Physical, Cognitive And Social Emotional Learning Development2812 Words   |  12 Pagesinclude a strength based approach to support the positive parenting in respect of a child s physical, cognitive and social emotional learning development. The first two years of any child s life are the most critical and important when it comes to their personal development when growing up. They are essential to the cognitive, physical, social and emotional development. Many theorists have suggested that is a child is brought up where their developmental needs are not being met from either circumstancesRead MoreThe Teacher s Role For Creating Curriculum1323 Words   |  6 P agescognitive development. In order for teachers to be excellent teacher, they need to create a caring community. They can create one by helping children cultivate friendship, sharing, respectfulness, truthfulness, and caring. This teaching is help children, over time, apply these attributes, establishing models who reflect them and supporting families as their primary moral teacher. Fostering positive relationship and building classroom community. Teacher should enhance the development and learning for theRead MoreEssay Sociocultural Theory: Lev Vygotsky1112 Words   |  5 PagesLev Vygotsky was a Russian psychologist, born November 17, 1896, who had a wide range of interests that included the cognitive and language development of children. Vygotsky’s theories are somewhat incomplete due to his death at the young age of 38 from tuberculosis. Vygotsky faced many struggles in life that he was able to overcome, such as being a young Jewish boy who grew up in a time where the Russian District limited the number of Jews who were allowed to be educated at a University levelRead MoreVygotsky And Vygotsky Theories Of Learning1257 Words   |  6 PagesTheories of learning In this essay, I will compare and contrast jean Piaget and lev Vygotsky theories of learning. First, I will discuss Piaget followed by Vygotsky then I will compare and contrast both theorists. Jean Piaget was a Swiss developmental psychologist and philosopher, he is known for his contribution to a theory of cognitive development. Piaget became interested in the reasons why children gave the wrong answers to questions that required logical thinking. He believed that these incorrectRead MorePiaget s Theory Of Experiential Learning1481 Words   |  6 PagesHoward Gardner will be evaluated through the lens of experiential learning. Through Vygotsky’s realization of the childhood learning through â€Å"hands-on† experience (experiential learning), the cultural and socioeconomic factors defines the progress a child makes in the individual progression towards growth in the educational system. Piaget beheld similar views on experiential learning in the context of the family unit as an extension of social and educational progress through adaptation and guidance. 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In summary though, cognitive development is the processes by which learning is developed by the construction of thought processes, memory, solving problems, decision-making and covers the life span from childhood to adulthood, but learning does not necessarily stop with adulthood. ThisRead MoreA Comparative Analysis Of Theories Of Vygotsky And Piaget1446 Words   |  6 PagesChild development refers to change or growth that occurs in children. It starts with infancy and continues through adolescence and it involves the biological, psychological and emotional changes that occur. Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains understanding of his or her world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors(Children’s Health n.d.). This paper is a comparative analysis of the theories of Vygotsky and Piaget with emphasis on how the roleRead MoreVygotsky Theory, Social Learning Theory And Attachment Theory1486 Words   |  6 PagesVygotsky Theory, Social Learning Theory and Attachment Theory in a Daycare Setting With the increasing number of working parents, there is an increasing need for childcare. When being a stay-at-home parent or having a babysitter is not an option, many parents turn to daycares for the care of their children. However, finding the right daycare for their children is a challenge because they need to find the most suitable type of care that fits their child’s needs. In doing this, they have to considerRead MoreLev Vygotsky s Theory Of Cultural Development Essay1399 Words   |  6 Pagesteaching and publishing literary works, and finally turning his attention to fundamental questions of human development and learning, where he made his biggest impact in the psychological field. Vygotsky proposed a general genetic law of cultural development in which cognitive function occurs on two planes: first on the social (between individuals), followed by the individual (internalized by the child) (Bjorklund, 2005). For a number of years, his theory mainly gained attention in Russia and Eastern Europe

Marketing Programs American Airlines - 891 Words

There are four distinctive elements to services that can significantly influence the marketing programs, often referred to as the four I’s of services, and they consist of: 1. Intangibility- Unlike goods, services cannot be touched, held, or seen afore the purchase decision. To aid customers analyze and evaluate services, vendors try to display the benefits of consuming a service. For example, the book uses The American Airlines. American Airlines ad illustrates their new seats and highlights the seats size as well as other tangible benefits. 2. Inconsistency- Service quality is often inconsistent due to the fact that service employees have diverse abilities, which range in performance from day to day. For instance, a person’s favorite singer may have a cold and his/her performance wasn’t the best on the night of the concert; however, some organizations reduce inconsistency through training, and standardization. 3. Inseparability- Services are produced and consumed as one; as a result buyers cannot detach the deliverer of the service from the service itself. Communication between a consumer and the service provider differs based on whether the consumer is physically present to obtain the service. Take insurance for example, the service is created when the agent persuades the consumer to purchase the policy and it is said to be disbursed when the claim is settled and the policyholder acquires the money. In this scenario, it was vital for the service provider and theShow MoreRelatedThe Opportunities And Threats That American Airlines Faces1651 Words   |  7 Pagesopportunities and threats that American Airlines faces. 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Is3220 Term Paper Free Essays

1. Preface The contemporary school of thought in service science is currently dominated by the notion of service-centric services (Lusch Vargo, 2008), whereby it is believed that the end users are the determinant of value of a given service and co-producing a service with the end users would enhance the value of the service. A main assumption made by this school of thought is that all aspect of services, from creation to delivery process, is the domain of the service providers. We will write a custom essay sample on Is3220 Term Paper or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, the emergence of disruptive technologies such as the internet, social media, etc has reduced the operational barriers, empowering the end users to become services provider themselves. This empowerment has led to the creation of what is known as user generated services. Such services potentially challenge the complementary notion of service-centric services. Hence, in my term paper, I shall examine how user generated services has affected the service dynamic between the service providers and the end users, using the mobile phone service industry as a backdrop. Firstly, I would define what is exactly is user generated services. Then, I will discuss about user generated services in the mobile phone service industry. Last but not least, I would explore how mobile phone service providers can leverage user generated services, regardless of the service model that the service providers adopt. 2. User generated services 2. 1 Background Contemporary services are usually designed around integration within the scope of provider’s business process. However, advancement in information technology has allowed for the development of solutions that facilitates information exchange and collaboration between individuals. With the increased ease in information exchange and collaboration from multiple sources, the end user now has the access and capability to generate user-generated content (UGC) that suits their needs. But consequently, the rise in user-generated content generation has introduced the demand for more specialized services and processes that uses user-generated contents. This present a limitation for service producers who might lack the ability or will to do so. . 2 Introduction Contrary to the suggestion of its name, user generated services are the result of re-composing existing service into newer form of services by the end users, who might play no part in the original services that comprised the new service. (Zhao Laga Crespi, 2009). Hence, instead of having a front stage and back stage controlled by the service pro viders (regardless the end user’s level of participation in the co-creation of the service), end users, not the service providers, serves as the main providers of the services 2. The unique taxonomies of user generated services a) Multi-tier service stage model As mentioned, user generated services generally follows the principles of service composition, where basic services are integrated together to form a unique service offering. Figure 1 show the translation service process of a written article into Russian language and the publication of the Russian language version of the article. However, the final product is the result of engaging two independent services from two different services provider, namely the article writer and translation engine. Thus, user generated service follows a multi-tier services model that grant user the flexibility to choose their intermediaries. An advantage is that user can restructure the final service product without need to meddle the upstream parties’ service stage. Back Stage – Document article process Back Stage – Translation process Article writer Translation Engine Front Stage – Translation Interface Front Stage – Create Article Line of Visibility Translation of Article Back Stage – Translation of article into Russian Line of Interaction Front Stage – Published Translated Article Fig 1. An example of the service configuration of a user generated service b) The presence of a Facilitating platform In user generated services, the user creation process is facilitated through a platform that allows them access to necessary service enablers required to generate customized services. An example would be Yahoo! Pipes, a platform that provides a GUI frontend for creating Web-based apps that aggregates web feeds, web pages. (Nikolaos Vassilios Konstantino, 2009). The necessity of such a platform boils down to two reasons. Firstly, it enables and ensures interoperability between the various services. Therefore, the user needs not worry about the compatibility of the services components in the service creation process. Secondly, it reduces the complexity of creating new services for the user, who might have differing technical capabilities, as the implementation details are encapsulated by the platform. C) End user as the ultimate service value creator The main value proposition of user generated is that the end user has the final say in creating the service, instead of being service consumers or co-creator. Correspondingly, the original service providers are reduced to a role of value co-creator or suppliers. This arrangement allows end users to customize the original service, thus enabling the service to serve this group of end users which otherwise the original service would not have served 3. User generated services in the mobile phone service industry For user generated services to exist, the three following conditions must be fulfilled. Firstly, the industry must encourage the generation of UGC. Secondly, service providers should allow end user access to part of their service channel/process. Lastly, the creation process of UGS should be intuitive for the end users. With that, let us look at how user generated service fits into the mobile phone service industry and some future challenges that awaits user generated services in the mobile phone service industry. a) Background of the mobile phone service industry As recently as a decade ago, the service’s proposition of mobile phone service providers was simple: Providing reliable voice communication for its subscribers. However, mobile penetration rate is reaching near 100% in Asia-Pacific region as of 2010. Also, a study done by OVUM Inc predicted that voice services revenues generated in the Asia-Pacific will drop to US$176 billion in 2015, from $US182 billion in 2009. The same study also projected that revenue from mobile data services would increasing to US$133 billion in 2015 from $US84 million in 2009, thereby increasingly become the main revenue driver for mobile phone service provider. John, 2007) Hence, mobile phone service providers around the Asia-Pacific region are scrambling to reposition their service proposition around access to the data content and electronic services (E. g SMS, web content, and internet banking services) to take advantage of the likely growth in mobile data services revenues while arresting the effects of the slowing growth in voice services revenues. In the drive to increase the percentage of revenue from data services, mobile service providers have tried facilitat ing and incorporating various service innovations, one of them being user generated service (UGS). ) The impact of UGS on the service dynamics of the mobile phone service industry The appearance of User generated services in mobile phone service, made possible by the increased convergence of mobile phone and Web 2. 0 technology, are a reflection of the immensely popular collaborative and social networking trends originating from the internet. Hence, USG has redefined the paradigm of some service innovation dimensions in mobile service industry i) Concept/Client Interface Traditional service-oriented service concepts embrace enhancing and extending the value proposition of a service through value co-creation. For example, services like uploading and sharing of mobile phone made video makes it easy for user to share self-generated content, thus positioning the mobile phone as a lifestyle product instead of a mere communication device. However, user generated service allows end users to define their own service proposition and ultimately, their own service. For example, tourists in Singapore could self initialize their own tour in Singapore by relying on a combination of mobile services such as Google maps, Iris, Singapore Guide, etc without relying on the service provided by a tour operator i) Delivery/Technology The traditional service configuration of service-oriented services is mainly shaped by the concept of service composition, whereby the service providers can combine various per-defined service and technology to deliver a single customized service to its user through its channel. An example would be Google mobile, a mobile portal which primarily offer the same range of services of its web counterpart. However, the service configuration and delivery is limited to company resources, strategy and legal issues. Facilitating UGS overcomes the problem as the user now can select the technologies that comprised of the services and chose the mode of service delivery, without the limitation of legality, economy of scale, etc. For example, the iPhone Yahoo! Pipes allows property agents to integrate a classified listing service such as Craiglist mobile and a mapping service such Google map to provide a service where user of iPhone can located an area on the map provided by the service and select the area to see what kind of property is listed for sales in the area and the location of each of the property listed. ) Challenge of implementing and sustaining UGS in the mobile phone service industry Despite the potential UGS can offer to the mobile phone service industry, UGS is still an emerging value proposition that still faces teething issues that could slower its ascent into a viable service model for the mobile phone service industry i) Difficulty in implementing User Generated Services Regardless of any service philosophy, service value creation requires the value creator to have the necessary resources and competencies to create and deliver the values of the services. In the context of the mobile phone service industry, although more service providers have open up access to essential resources like their application programming interface (API), the resources are more geared toward the traditional service providers (E. g Professional mobile application company) as integrating the resource into existing service still requires technical knowledge (E. g Knowledge of Google map Api for an location based web service). Not all end user possesses the knowledge and expertise to customize and integrate the service into their existing services. i) Difficulty in Ensuring Service Quality The end users service providers are at the mercy of the providers of the service components as they do not have actual ownership of the service components that comprised of their customized services. For example, when service components (E. g Google MAP API) are modified at the owner’s (Google) end, mobile location based application which functionalities that depends on Google Map might not be delivered optimally or even be delivered at all as the functionalities might have depend on certain features of the pre-modified Google API. Thus, end user has less control over the service quality of their service unlike their conventional counterparts. 4. How to take advantage of user generated service: From the prospective of existing service provider It is pretty certain that user generated services to be relevant in the mobile phone industry for the foreseen future. Thus, mobile service provider should evaluate their suitability in adopting the user generated services and adapt the model according to their strategy. Below are some suggestions that existing mobile service provider can adopt to take advantage of user generated service to drive their existing and future service offerings. i) Simplify the service generation process for the user As discussed earlier, not all end user possesses the necessary knowledge and expertise to customize and integrate a given service into their existing services. Moreover, it is very difficult to simplify the actual user service generating process as service generating tools (MashMaker) aiming at user is still at its infancy and is not exactly user-centric. Instead leaving it to the user to generate their service, it would be better to simplify the process by facilitating the service creation process. For example, the mobile service provider could provide a list of mobile services and help the customer to mix and match the services together to generate a service that is unique for them ii) Bridging the communication gap between the actual service creator and the end user Currently, mobile service providers engage their end user through indirect communication channel (E. customer relationship management system, user profiling/tracking). Though such arrangements has given service providers valuable information on the end user, the information are often interpreted by the service provider from the service providers’ point of view, thus leading to potential situations where the eventually service value proposition of the service does not match what the end users wants. This misalignment could drive end-users to drop the given service and replace the existing service component with another competing service. To mitigate the possibility of such misalignment, the service should considering sponsoring a common platform where the end user service providers can directly communicate and contribute to the development of the various services that are the composition of the user often customized service while giving the service provider a channel for them to influence the end users. . Conclusion User generated services is certainly an interesting service proposition in the mobile phone service industry as it allows the end users to develop their own customized mobile services and in the process, serving them with the services they have created themselves It solve the problem of certain customer segments not being served as they might have requirements that the service providers cannot fulfil due to real life business constraints. However, the existing way of generating user generated service is too cumbersome and uncertain for it to be the golden standard of service delivery. Nevertheless, the service provider should look beyond just co-creating service values with the end users and instead, look at end user as strategic partner in a ecology that mutually sustain the whole hyper network of service-derived services. 6. References Abdallah Namoune, Usman Wajid, Nikolay Mahendjiev. â€Å"Composition of Interactive Service-based Applications by End Users†. ICSOC/ServiceWave Workshops, Stockholm, Sweden, 2009 Christian S. Jensen, Carmen Ruiz Vicente, Rico Wind, â€Å"User-Generated Content: The Case for Mobile Services,† Computer, vol. 41, no. 12, pp. 116-118, Dec. 2008, John Delaney , â€Å"User-generated content opportunities for wireless operators†, Communicate, Vol 36, 2007. Retrieved from: http://www. huawei. com/file/download. do? f=3056 Nikolaos Loutas, Vassilios Peristeras, Konstantinos A. Tarabanis, â€Å"Rethinking the Semantic Annotation of Services. ICSOC/ServiceWave Workshops, Stockholm, Sweden, 2009 Robert F. Lusch, Stephen L. Vargo, G Wessels, â€Å"Towards a Conceptual Foundation for Service Science: Contributions from Service-Dominant Logic,† IBM Systems Journal, Vol. 47, No. 1, 2008. Wai Kin Victor Chan, Cheng Hsu , â€Å"A Science of Scaling: Service Hyper-Networks†, Service Science, Vol. 1, No. 1, 2009. ZZ. Zhao, N. Laga, N. Crespi, â€Å"A Survey Of User Generated Service†, Intern ational Conference on Network Infrastructure and Digital Content, Beijing, China, 2009. How to cite Is3220 Term Paper, Essays

Kant And Mill Theories Essays - Philosophy, Ethics,

Kant And Mill Theories The categorical imperative is a better guide for moral reasoning because it can be applied by the individual with a clear, understandable reverence for the morality of the whole community. Mill's utilitarianism is also concerned with the whole, but the mechanism by which one can judge the worth of his or her actions is quite a leap. When a utilitarian makes a moral decision about an action the primary concern is individual happiness. The agent must then consider the consequences of this action within the extent of his or her influence. While there is little argument we all want to be happy, we can not assess the moral worth of our actions on consequence. It is much too difficult to assimilate individual actions and consequences with the welfare of humanity as a whole. Conversely, Kant's categorical imperative gives an individual a more reliable mechanism by which to judge his actions. The test begins with intentions rather than consequences. It is easier to assess intentions than consequences, because intentions are not as specific to situation and reliant upon outcome. Instead, good intentions are simple moral intuitions that tend to produce good. If the whole of humanity shares good intentions, acting only upon those intentions which the individual would will for everyone produces the greatest good.

Feasibility Study Shake Burgers

Feasibility Study Shake Burgers Executive Summary The fast food industry in Oman is undergoing remarkable revolution, which has emanated from change in consumer behaviour. The emergence of the information age has increased the level of information amongst consumers. Subsequently, consumers are making informed choices in their purchase decision-making process. One of the industries that have been affected by these changes relates to the food industry.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Feasibility Study: Shake Burgers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Consumers are increasingly inclining towards the consumption of healthy food products. Subsequently, there is a high market potential for investors in the food industry. In order to tap this market potential, Shake Burgers intends to enter the Oman fast food industry. The firm will specialise in offering freshly produced, healthy, and unique burgers. The burgers will be produced using the Omani wa y in order to differentiate them from the competitors’ products. Shake Burgers will target consumers aged between 15 to 40 years due to the high rate at which people in that bracket are consuming fast foods. The firm will be strategically located at Muscat, Oman. Business opportunity Market gap The fast food sector has experienced remarkable growth over the past few decades. A study conducted by Food Hospitality Oman (2014) shows that the sector is ranked amongst the fastest emerging markets for fast foods in the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) region. Another study conducted by Alpen Capital (2011) shows that Oman food sector accounted for 7.1% of the total food consumed in the GCC region, which ranked the country third (Hardy 2014). The industry’s growth has been stimulated by a number of factors, which include an increase in the consumers’ purchasing power, especially amongst the young generation, and a rise in the level of inbound tourism. It is estimated th at the number of tourists’ arrivals in Oman will increase by 38.7% by the end of 2017, which is estimated to reach1.45 million tourists. Subsequently, the volume of tourist spending will increase to US$2.96 billion, which indicates the market potential for growth (Alpen Capital 2011). However, the local and multinational industry players such as Kentucky Fried Chicken and McDonalds have mainly focused on providing customers with fast food products of western taste. Some of the fast food firms in the market such as McDonalds have inclined towards the provision of carbohydrate and vitamin-rich burgers as opposed to protein-rich burgers.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Additionally, the fast foods are made from highly processed and refined sugars (Skills You Need 2014). Subsequently, the market has largely ignored the provision of fast food products wi th an Omani taste, which represents a significant market gap. Product offering Shake Burgers will specialise in the production of protein rich burgers. The burgers will be specially produced from beef, chicken, and camel meat in order to align with the growth in preference for protein-rich products (Morelli 2002). Furthermore, the burgers will also be comprised of organic vegetables. The firm will ensure that the burgers take into account the Western and Omani tastes in order to appeal to diverse consumer groups (Hitt, Ireland Hoskisson 2009). The tangible offerings will include a main course, which will entail organic beef burger, organic chicken burger, and camel meat burger. The burger products will also be comprised of organic vegetable sauce, which will be made of garlic mayo and spicy homemade sauce. However, all the burgers will be grilled in the Omani way in order to create a unique taste. Moreover, the burgers will be served alongside different drinks such as soft drinks [ beer and Coca-Cola soft drinks] and milk shake [camel milk shake, banana milk shake, and dates]. The firm will create an attractive ambience as illustrated by the image in appendix 1 in order to attract customers. This goal will be achieved by employing effective interior design (Hoshmand 2009). The store will also be fitted with free Wi-Fi. Moreover, the firm will offer services associated with birthday parties. Feasibility: Micro-market analysis Target market size The concept of targeting will be adopted in order to increase the firm’s level of profitability. Fahy (2000) contends that market targeting enables an organisation to focus its marketing activities to a specific market segment rather than focusing on the overall market. The firm will adopt demographic market segmentation (Rae 2011). Some of the demographic market segmentation variables that the firm will adopt include age, occupation, and level of income (McDonald Dunbar 2012).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Feasibility Study: Shake Burgers specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The firm appreciates the view that all consumers can consume burgers regardless of their age group. However, considering the firm’s goal to maximise its level of profitability, Shake Burger’s core target market will be comprised of consumers aged between 15 years and 40 years. The firm’s decision to target this market group arises from identification of the market potential (Ingram 2010). Table 1 below illustrates the Oman’s age structure according to 2013 statistics. Graph 1 shows that a significant proportion of the country’s population is comprised of consumers aged between 0 to 54 years, which the firm intends to target. Age [years] Percentage of the total population 0-14 30.60% 15-24 20.20% 25-54 42.10% 55-64 3.90% Over 65 3.20% Table 1 Graph 1 Source: (Index Mundi 2013) Current trends The fast food industry is characterised by a significant change in consumption patterns. The emergence of affluent young consumers has led to an increment in preference for protein-rich diet, as opposed to carbohydrate-rich diet (Alpen Capital 2014). This trend is expected to be sustained into the future.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Moreover, the high rates of workforce participation and urbanisation have led to the emergence of a hectic lifestyle amongst consumers (Karubaran, Sami, Ahmad, Al-Abed Syed 2012). However, consumers prefer healthy ready-to-eat products. The preference of healthy fast foods has arisen from the increased association of the foods with the rising cases of obesity and other diseases associated with poor eating habits (Karubaran et al. 2012). The firm has identified a trend whereby university students and the working class, who constitute a significant proportion of Shake Burgers’ target market, are experiencing an increment in the level of workload from school and their workplaces (Rafidah, Azizah, Norzaidi, Chong Noraini 2009). Thus, the majority of these customers do not have ample time to prepare their meals. Currently, Oman is ranked amongst the middle-income economies (Alpen Capital 2014). The country’s economy is mainly dependent on oil resources. However, Muscat is increasingly diversifying its economy by investing in privatisation and industrialisation programs. Subsequently, there is a high probability of increment in the population’s purchasing power. Dynamics The global food industry is undergoing a remarkable transformation arising from change in consumer behaviour (EuroMonitor 2013). Some of the functional foods that consumers are increasingly consuming include vegetables such as carrots, broccoli, and tomatoes, which enhance the consumers’ physiological activities. Moreover, urban consumers are shifting towards the consumption of protein and fat-rich products (Alpen Capital 2014). This aspect has led to the growth in demand for meat, milk, dairy, and vegetable products. It is estimated that the total food consumption in the GCC countries such as Oman, the UAE, KSA, and Qatar will increase in the future as illustrated by the graph below. Graph on change in consumption of different food products. Source: (Alpen Capital 201 1) Target profile The firm’s target profile is based on the findings of a primary market research. The study adopted mixed research design, which entailed using qualitative and quantitative research design. The research was conducted using the Academic Mintel website. An effectively designed questionnaires as illustrated in appendix 5 was administered to the selected respondents online in an effort to understand their opinion regarding fast food products. Thirty respondents [30] were selected from the target population. Below is a profile of the respondents. Age; 15-40 years Occupation; 25 students [10 college and 15 university students], 15 working class. Prefer consuming fast foods frequently. Target consumer behaviour Most consumers in the GCC countries including Oman have undergone remarkable change in their consumption patterns due to increased awareness on the risks associated with unhealthy eating habits. Shane (2013) emphasises that the GCC countries are ranked amon gst the regions with the highest rates of obesity. However, consumers have become increasingly knowledgeable following developments in Information Communication Technology (ICT). Thus, consumers are making informed choices in their purchase decision-making process, which is evidenced by the high rate at which consumers are inclining towards the consumption of healthy foods (Skills You Need 2014). Feasibility: Macro-market drivers PESTEL analysis Political environment The firm’s success will be subject to the prevailing political environment in Oman (Ghuman 2010). First, the level of political risk in Oman is moderate in comparison to other countries in the Middle East. Additionally, the relatively high level of political stability in Oman will enable the firm to operate in a serene business environment. Furthermore, the Oman government has implemented well-defined tax incentives, which are aimed at fostering the establishment of sustainable and profitable business through ent repreneurship. Thus, Shake Burgers will benefit from the tax incentives by venturing into the Oman’s food industry. Economic environment The Omani economy continues to experience economic growth due to the strong oil prices. Additionally, the high rate at which the Oman government is advocating for economic diversification will stimulate the country’s economic growth (Trading Economics 2014). Subsequently, there is a high probability of the country experiencing a new generation of affluent consumers due to their high purchasing power (Hair 2008). Furthermore, the consumers’ purchasing power will be enhanced by the relatively low rate of inflation in the country. By the end of June 2014, the country’s inflation rate was estimated to be 1.2%. The graph below illustrates the fluctuation in the Omani rate of inflation over the past two years (Trading Economics 2014). Source: (Trading Economics 2014) The country’s ascension into the World Trade Organis ation (WTO) will improve trade relations with other member states. Furthermore, the recently signed Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) of the WTO will enhance trade with the WTO member states. One of TFA’s provisions entails an improvement in custom procedures at the point of entry through cooperation of the member states (James 2014). Therefore, the firm will be in a position to import the necessary food products such as meat, cereals, and milk products from the member states conveniently. Additionally, the firm’s operations will be facilitated by the WTO’s choice of Oman as the ideal hub for distributing goods in other parts of the GCC region (James 2014). Social environment A significant proportion of the Omani population is comprised of citizens aged between 1 to 54 years. This age group accounts for 92.9% of the total population (Alpen Capital 2014). This aspect shows that the country is characterised by a substantial market size that Shake Burgers can expl oit. Furthermore, the country has also experienced a significant increment in the number of consumers who are inclining towards the consumption of fast foods. This trend has emanated from change in the consumers’ lifestyle. Moreover, the country is also experiencing an increment in the number of tourists and expatriates especially from the Western countries. Thus, the country’s social structure is undergoing remarkable transformation, which the firm can exploit through the provision of unique and healthy fast food products (Alpen Capital 2011). Technology The high rate of technological development presents a perfect opportunity for the firm to succeed in the Omani food industry. For example, the emergence of food processing and handling technologies will enable the firm to produce burgers in a clean environment. Subsequently, the firm will be in a position to enhance its customers’ safety by minimising the likelihood of food-borne diseases (Ferrell Hartline 201 1). The technological development being experienced in the contemporary business environment has encouraged consumers to become knowledgeable in terms of technology (Fernando 2011). Therefore, consumers are increasingly using different information communication technologies in their purchasing process (Hotelier Middle East 2013). For example, consumers have adopted mobile and Facebook ordering. Furthermore, consumers are increasingly demanding convenient service delivery. Therefore, Shake Burgers will be required to invest in emerging technologies in order to align with the prevailing market trends (Forbes 2014). Legal environment In an effort to stimulate economic growth, the Omani government has adopted an open economic system, which has increased trade with other countries in the GCC and world. Subsequently, the firm will be in a position to import food materials required for its operation more efficiently. The Omani government is committed to fostering an enabling environment fo r working. This goal has been achieved by simplifying the legal procedures during the establishment of a business. On average, it is possible to start a business within 34 days as opposed to the world average of 48 days (James 2014). Additionally, the government has set relatively low tariff rates in its trade policy with its trade partners such as the US through the Free Trade Agreement. The country’s business environment is fostered by moderate corporate tax and low duty on products (Food Export Association of the Midwest 2011). Feasibility: competitive environment and direct competitors Porter’s five forces Threat of new entrant; (moderate to high) the industry is characterised by a moderate threat of entry due to the prevailing profitability potential. Moreover, the industry is experiencing an increment in demand for food products that are aligned with the Muslim culture. Furthermore, the barriers to entry into the market are relatively low due to the low financia l requirements. Bargaining powers of suppliers; (moderate to high) the Omani food industry mainly depends on imports from the US and Europe. Subsequently, the suppliers have the capacity to influence the price of the food products. The food prices may also be affected by the global price fluctuations. Additionally, the suppliers bargaining power is increased by the low supplier concentration. Threat of substitute; (high) a number of local and multinational companies dominate the fast food market in Oman. The entry of multinational fast food companies such as KFC and McDonalds has increased the number of fast food products in the market. Thus, consumers have an opportunity to make a choice from a wide range of products. Buyer bargaining power; (high) firms in the fast food market are adopting product line extension strategies in pursuit for higher profitability. Consequently, consumers are presented with a wide range of products (Phillips Gully 2013). Additionally, the product varia tion has led to a significant reduction in the switching cost. Rivalry; (high) the industry is experiencing a significant increment in the intensity of competition due to the high consumer purchasing power and the change in the consumers’ lifestyle. Feasibility: sustainability Unique selling point Shake Burgers will focus at attaining a high competitive advantage by developing a number of unique selling propositions [USP]. Customer service; the firm will ensure that customers are optimally served. Store ambience; the firm’s store will be designed effectively in order to attract customers. Critical success factors The firm’s competitive advantage will be based on a number of factors as listed below. Factor Description Product differentiation The firm will ensure that its burgers are of unique taste by incorporating the Omani taste. Additionally, the firm will ensure that its operations lead to the production of fresh burgers. The firm will also ensure tha t its products are unique by integrating healthy sandwiches. Currently, only a few shops in Oman are offering such a menu and none is offering a burger cooked in the traditional Omani way. Camel burger will attract locals and tourists due to its preference as a traditional course amongst the Gulf countries. Location Shake Burger will be strategically located in the city centre of Oman, Muscat. Subsequently, the firm will be in a position to market its products to a large number of customers due to the various offices and learning institutions located in Muscat (Gotimer 2008). Operations and marketing In order to sustain the ‘Omani tradition’, Shake Burgers will source its raw materials from the local market. The firm will adopt emerging marketing technologies such as social media platforms [Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram] in creating market awareness. Appendix 2 illustrates the projected cost of creating market awareness (Witt Meyer 2010). Start-up financing S hakes Burgers will be established using personal savings and donations from family members. The initial start-up capital is estimated to be US$ 80,000. I will contribute $ 5,000 from my personal savings while my parents will assist me in raising $75,000. This amount will be used in leasing the premises within which the firm will be set up. The firm will start with an inventory worth US$25,000, which will be sourced from the local market. In a bid to ensure consistency of supply and timely replenishment of stock, Shakes Burgers will enter a contract with the local suppliers. It is estimated that the firm’s profit margin will be 30% after the first year of operation as illustrated in appendix 4. Post start-up financing It is projected that Shakes Burger will achieve financial sustainability within the first year of its operation, which will emanate from its unique product offering. Furthermore, the firm’s effectiveness in implementing the critical success factors will en hance its profitability. It is projected that sales will increase over time. In order to reach the break-even point, the firm will be required to sell 4,200 units. The breakeven revenue is estimated to be US$35,280, which is estimated to be attained within 6 months of the firm’s operation. In order to achieve this goal, it is assumed that the average revenue per unit will be US$ 8.39, while the average variable cost per unit is estimated to be US$ 2.29. The graph below illustrates the firm’s breakeven point. Feasibility: Managerial capabilities Personal capabilities The success of the new venture will be enhanced by my entrepreneurial capabilities such as risk taking, hard work, and market research skills. I will exploit my risk taking characteristics in ensuring that the venture is successful. This goal will be achieved through investing in product improvement, which will be enhanced by my effective market research skills. Thus, I will understand how to make the nece ssary adjustments to the product. However, I will be required to improve my leadership skills in order to ensure that the other internal stakeholders in the firm such as managers are motivated adequately. Nurturing the leadership skills will aid in fostering teamwork (Moore, Justin, William Leslie 2006). Execution of Critical success factors The firm’s success in implementing the critical success factors will depend on the effectiveness with which different roles are established and implemented as illustrated in the chart below. Roles Responsibility Chef (1) The chef will be charged with ensuring that the burgers are produced freshly and they have an Omani taste. Waiters (2) 2 waiters The waiters will ensure that the customers’ orders are served efficiently. Delivery guy (1) A delivery guy will be employed and will be charged with the responsibility of ensuring that the orders made by customers at home are delivered in time. Manager The manager will ensure that all the firm’s operations are executed effectively in order to develop and sustain repeat purchase behaviour amongst the target customers. Appendices Appendix 1: Shakes Burger interior design Appendix 2 Marketing budget Item Amount in US$ Cost of promotion Advertising via television, social media, radio and print media 1,000 Sales promotion 2,000 Total expected cost of creating market awareness 3,000 Appendix 3 Breakeven chart Description Units sold 4,200 Estimated break-even revenue $35, 280 Assumptions Revenue per unit $8.4 Variable cost per unit $2.3 Appendix 4 Income statement Particular Amount in $US Sales revenue 5, 500,000 Total cost of sales 2,300,000 Gross profit 3,200,000 Administration expenses 400,000 Operating profit 2,800,000 Tax 30% 960,000 Profit after tax 1,840,000 Appendix 4 Projected Cash flow statement Item Year 1 Total from cash operations 1,000,000 Other cash received 0 Sales tax VAT re ceived 0 Current borrowings 0 Other liabilities 0 New long-term liabilities 0 Sale of other current asset 0 Sales of long term assets 0 Investment received 0 Total cash received 80,000 Expenditures Operation expense Cash spending 3,000 Payment on bill 5,000 Total on operation 8,000 Other cash spending Sales tax VAT paid 0 Principal paid on current borrowing 0 Additional liabilities on principal payment 0 Principal payment –long term liabilities 0 Purchases on other current assets 0 Purchase of other long term assets 0 Dividends 0 Total on operation 8,000 Net cash flow 72, 000 Reference List Alpen Capital: GCC food industry 2011, www.alpencapital.com//GCC_Food_Industry_Report_June_2011.pdf EuroMonitor: Food processor and blender manufacturing industry 2013, prweb.com/releases/2013/3/prweb10526071.htm Fahy, D 2000, Foundations of marketing, McGraw-Hill International Limited, London. Food Export Association of the Midwest: Middle East market profile 2011, https://www.foodexport.org/Resources/CountryProfileDetail.cfm?ItemNumber=101 Ghuman, K 2010, Management: concepts practice and cases, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi. Hair, C 2008, Essentials of marketing, Cengage, London. Ferrell, O Hartline, M 2011, Marketing strategy, Cengage Learning, Mason. Fernando, A 2011, Business environment, Pearson, New Delhi. Food and Hospitality Oman: Oman 2014, foodandhospitalityoman.com/download_industry_report_form.html Forbes: How restaurants are using technology to deliver better customer service 2014, forbes.com/sites/caroltice/2012/12/07/how-restaurants-are-using-technology-to-deliver-better-customer-service/ Gotimer, J 2008, Customer satisfaction is worthless, customer loyalty is priceless:Â  how to make them love you, keep you coming back, and tell everyone they know, Bad Press, Austin. Hardy, J 2014, GCC food sector offers great prospects, https://globalconnections.hsbc.com/uae/en/articles/great-prospects-gcc-food-sect or Hitt, M, Ireland, D Hoskisson, R 2009, Strategic management: competitiveness and globalisation; concepts and cases, Southwestern, Mason. Hoshmand, R 2009, Business forecasting, Routledge, New York. Hotelier Middle East: The hotelier Middle East awards 2013, hoteliermiddleeast.com/awards/ Index Mundi: Oman demographic profile 2013, indexmundi.com/oman/demographics_profile.html Ingram, D 2010, About process selection and facility layout operations management, http://smallbusiness.chron.com/process-selection-facility-layout-operations-management-13824.html James, A 2014, SMEs can take advantage of trade facilitation agreement, timesofoman.com/News/Article-29142.aspx Karubaran, G, Sami, A, Ahmad, Q, Al-Abed, A Syed, A 2012, ‘Social and psychological factors affecting eating habits among university students in a Malaysian medical school; a cross sectional study’, Nutritional Journal, vol. 11, no. 48, pp. 11-48. McDonald, M Dunbar, I 2012, Market segmentation; how to do it and how to profit from it, John Wiley Sons, Chichester. Porter, M 2008, Competitive strategy; techniques for analysing industries and competitors, Simon and Schuster, New York. Moore, C, Justin, L, William, P Leslie, P 2006, Small business management; an entrepreneurial emphasis, Cengage Learning, London. Morelli, N 2002, ‘Designing product/service systems; a methodical exploration’, Design Issues, vol.18, no.3, pp. 3-17. Phillips, J Gully, S 2013, Human resource management, Cengage Learning, Mason. Rae, D 2011, Entrepreneurship; from opportunity to action, Palgrave McMillan, New York. Rafidah, K, Azizah, A, Norzaidi, M, Chong, S Noraini, I 2009, ‘The impact of perceived stress and stress factors on academic performance of pre-diploma science students; a Malaysian study’, International Journal of Scientific Research in Education, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 13-26. Shane, D 2013, GCC states among the world’s most obese, arabianbusiness.com/gcc-states-n amed-among-world-s-most-obese-508362.html? Skills You Need: Diet and nutrition 2014, arabianbusiness.com/gcc-states-named-among-world-s-most-obese-508362.html Trading Economics: Oman inflation rate 2014, tradingeconomics.com/oman/inflation-cpi Witt, B Meyer, R 2010, Strategy process, content, context; an international perspective, Cengage Learning, Andover.

The Worlds Most Endangered Frogs

The Worlds Most Endangered Frogs Frogs are the most numerous of the worlds amphibians, but they are rapidly declining, and many species are actually facing the imminent threat of extinction. Pollution, global warming, and habitat destruction from human development have already taken a serious toll, reports Animal Planet. Frogs, in particular, have suffered, having lost an estimated 170 species in the last 10 years alone. Frogs are also affected by a singular danger that is threatening their populations worldwide: the chytrid fungus, which coats frogs skin and seals out vital moisture and kills frogs by dehydration. Adenomus dasi Agalychnis moreletii Albericus siegfriedi Alexteroon jynx Allobates juanii Alsodes montanus Alsodes tumultuosus Alsodes vanzolinii Ameerega ingeri Ameerega planipaleae Amietophrynus taiensis Andinophryne colomai Anodonthyla vallani Aromobates leopardalis Aromobates meridensis Aromobates nocturnus Arthroleptella rugosa Arthroleptis kidogo Arthroleptis troglodytes Astylosternus nganhanus Atelopus andinus Atelopus angelito Atelopus arsyecue Atelopus arthuri Atelopus balios Atelopus bomolochos Atelopus boulengeri Atelopus carauta Atelopus carbonerensis Atelopus carrikeri Atelopus chiriquiensis Atelopus chocoensis Atelopus chrysocorallus Atelopus coynei Atelopus cruciger Atelopus ebenoides Atelopus elegans Atelopus epikeisthos Atelopus erythropus Atelopus eusebianus Atelopus eusebiodiazi Atelopus exiguus Atelopus famelicus Atelopus farci Atelopus galactogaster Atelopus glyphus Atelopus guanujo Atelopus guitarraensis Atelopus halihelos Atelopus laetissimus Atelopus lozanoi Atelopus lynchi Atelopus mandingues Atelopus mindoensis Atelopus minutulus Atelopus monohernandezii Atelopus mucubajiensis Atelopus muisca Atelopus nahumae Atelopus nanay Atelopus nepiozomus Atelopus nicefori Atelopus onorei Atelopus oxyrhynchus Atelopus pachydermus Atelopus patazensis Atelopus pedimarmoratus Atelopus peruensis Atelopus petersi Atelopus petriruizi Atelopus pictiventris Atelopus pinangoi Atelopus planispina Atelopus pulcher Atelopus pyrodactylus Atelopus quimbaya Atelopus reticulatus Atelopus seminiferus Atelopus senex Atelopus sernai Atelopus simulatus Atelopus sonsonensis Atelopus sorianoi Atelopus subornatus Atelopus tamaense Atelopus varius Atelopus walkeri Atelopus zeteki Atopophrynus syntomopus Bokermannohyla izecksohni Boophis williamsi Bromeliohyla dendroscarta Callulina hanseni Callulina kanga Callulina laphami Callulina shengena Callulina stanleyi Cardioglossa alsco Cardioglossa trifasciata Centrolene ballux Centrolene gemmatum Centrolene heloderma Charadrahyla altipotens Charadrahyla trux Churamiti maridadi Colostethus jacobuspetersi Conraua derooi Cophixalus concinnus Cophyla berara Craugastor anciano Craugastor andi Craugastor angelicus Craugastor catalinae Craugastor coffeus Craugastor cruzi Craugastor emcelae Craugastor emleni Craugastor epochthidius Craugastor fecundus Craugastor fleischmanni Craugastor glaucus Craugastor greggi Craugastor guerreroensis Craugastor lineatus Craugastor megalotympanum Craugastor merendonensis Craugastor milesi Craugastor olanchano Craugastor omoaensis Craugastor polymniae Craugastor pozo Craugastor ranoides Craugastor saltuarius Craugastor stadelmani Craugastor tabasarae Craugastor taurus Craugastor trachydermus Cryptobatrachus nicefori Cycloramphus faustoi Dendropsophus amicorum Discoglossus nigriventer Duellmanohyla salvavida Duellmanohyla soralia Duellmanohyla uranochroa Duttaphrynus sumatranus Ecnomiohyla echinata Ecnomiohyla rabborum Ecnomiohyla salvaje Ecnomiohyla valancifer Eleutherodactylus albipes Eleutherodactylus alticola Eleutherodactylus amadeus Eleutherodactylus apostates Eleutherodactylus bakeri Eleutherodactylus bartonsmithi Eleutherodactylus blairhedgesi Eleutherodactylus bresslerae Eleutherodactylus brevirostris Eleutherodactylus caribe Eleutherodactylus cavernicola Eleutherodactylus chlorophenax Eleutherodactylus corona Eleutherodactylus cubanus Eleutherodactylus darlingtoni Eleutherodactylus dixoni Eleutherodactylus dolomedes Eleutherodactylus eneidae Eleutherodactylus eunaster Eleutherodactylus fowleri Eleutherodactylus furcyensis Eleutherodactylus fuscus Eleutherodactylus glandulifer Eleutherodactylus glanduliferoides Eleutherodactylus grandis Eleutherodactylus griphus Eleutherodactylus iberia Eleutherodactylus jasperi Eleutherodactylus jaumei Eleutherodactylus juanariveroi Eleutherodactylus jugans Eleutherodactylus junori Eleutherodactylus karlschmidti Eleutherodactylus lamprotes Eleutherodactylus leoncei Eleutherodactylus locustus Eleutherodactylus lucioi Eleutherodactylus mariposa Eleutherodactylus nortoni Eleutherodactylus orcutti Eleutherodactylus orientalis Eleutherodactylus oxyrhyncus Eleutherodactylus parabates Eleutherodactylus parapelates Eleutherodactylus paulsoni Eleutherodactylus pezopetrus Eleutherodactylus poolei Eleutherodactylus rhodesi Eleutherodactylus richmondi Eleutherodactylus rivularis Eleutherodactylus rufescens Eleutherodactylus rufifemoralis Eleutherodactylus schmidti Eleutherodactylus sciagraphus Eleutherodactylus semipalmatus Eleutherodactylus sisyphodemus Eleutherodactylus symingtoni Eleutherodactylus tetajulia Eleutherodactylus thorectes Eleutherodactylus tonyi Eleutherodactylus turquinensis Eleutherodactylus ventrilineatus Eleutherodactylus warreni Eupsophus insularis Exerodonta perkinsi Fejervarya murthii Gastrotheca lauzuricae Gastrotheca zeugocystis Geocrinia alba Glandirana minima Heleophryne rosei Holoaden bradei Hyalinobatrachium crybetes Hyla bocourti Hyla heinzsteinitzi Hylomantis lemur Hyloscirtus chlorosteus Hyloscirtus colymba Hyloscirtus ptychodactylus Hyloxalus anthracinus Hyloxalus delatorreae Hyloxalus edwardsi Hyloxalus ruizi Hyloxalus vertebralis Hyperolius pickersgilli Hyperolius watsonae Hypodactylus lucida Hypsiboas cymbalum Incilius cristatus Incilius fastidiosus Incilius peripatetes Indirana gundia Indirana phrynoderma Ingerana charlesdarwini Insuetophrynus acarpicus Isthmohyla angustilineata Isthmohyla calypsa Isthmohyla debilis Isthmohyla graceae Isthmohyla insolita Isthmohyla rivularis Isthmohyla tica Leiopelma archeyi Leptobrachella palmata Leptodactylodon erythrogaster Leptodactylus fallax Leptodactylus magistris Leptodactylus silvanimbus Leptophryne cruentata Lithobates chichicuahutla Lithobates omiltemanus Lithobates pueblae Lithobates sevosus Lithobates subaquavocalis Lithobates tlaloci Lithobates vibicarius Litoria booroolongensis Litoria castanea Litoria lorica Litoria myola Litoria nyakalensis Litoria piperata Litoria spenceri Mannophryne caquetio Mannophryne cordilleriana Mannophryne lamarcai Mannophryne neblina Mannophryne olmonae Mantella aurantiaca Mantella cowanii Mantella milotympanum Mantidactylus pauliani Megastomatohyla mixe Megastomatohyla pellita Melanophryniscus langonei Micrixalus kottigeharensis Microbatrachella capensis Microhyla karunaratnei Minyobates steyermarki Nannophrys marmorata Nectophrynoides paulae Nectophrynoides poyntoni Nectophrynoides wendyae Niceforonia adenobrachia Nimbaphrynoides liberiensis Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis Nyctibatrachus dattatreyaensis Nymphargus anomalus Nymphargus laurae Odontophrynus moratoi Odorrana wuchuanensis Oophaga lehmanni Oreobates pereger Oreobates zongoensis Oreolalax liangbeiensis Parhoplophryne usambarica Pelophryne linanitensis Pelophryne murudensis Pelophylax cerigensis Peltophryne florentinoi Peltophryne fluviatica Peltophryne lemur Petropedetes dutoiti Philautus jacobsoni Philautus sanctisilvaticus Philoria frosti Phrynobatrachus chukuchuku Phrynobatrachus intermedius Phrynopus dagmarae Phrynopus heimorum Phrynopus juninensis Phrynopus kauneorum Phrynopus tautzorum Phyllomedusa ayeaye Phytotriades auratus Platymantis insulatus Plectrohyla acanthodes Plectrohyla avia Plectrohyla calthula Plectrohyla calvicollina Plectrohyla celata Plectrohyla cembra Plectrohyla chryses Plectrohyla chrysopleura Plectrohyla crassa Plectrohyla cyanomma Plectrohyla dasypus Plectrohyla ephemera Plectrohyla exquisita Plectrohyla guatemalensis Plectrohyla hartwegi Plectrohyla hazelae Plectrohyla ixil Plectrohyla pachyderma Plectrohyla pokomchi Plectrohyla psarosema Plectrohyla pycnochila Plectrohyla quecchi Plectrohyla sabrina Plectrohyla siopela Plectrohyla tecunumani Plectrohyla teuchestes Plectrohyla thorectes Polypedates fastigo Pristimantis albericoi Pristimantis bernali Pristimantis hamiotae Pristimantis lichenoides Pristimantis phragmipleuron Pristimantis simonsii Pristimantis torrenticola Pristimantis tribulosus Pristimantis veletis Prostherapis dunni Pseudophilautus amboli Pseudophilautus limbus Pseudophilautus lunatus Pseudophilautus macropus Pseudophilautus nemus Pseudophilautus papillosus Pseudophilautus procax Pseudophilautus simba Pseudophryne corroboree Psychrophrynella guillei Psychrophrynella illimani Psychrophrynella kallawaya Psychrophrynella saltator Ptychohyla dendrophasma Ptychohyla hypomykter Ptychohyla macrotympanum Ptychohyla sanctaecrucis Rana chevronta Rana holtzi Ranitomeya abdita Ranitomeya dorisswansonae Raorchestes chalazodes Raorchestes chlorosomma Raorchestes griet Raorchestes kaikatti Raorchestes marki Raorchestes munnarensis Raorchestes ponmudi Raorchestes resplendens Raorchestes shillongensis Raorchestes sushili Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus Rhinella amabilis Rhinella chavin Rhinella rostrata Rhinoderma rufum Scinax alcatraz Scinax faivovichi Scinax peixotoi Scutiger maculatus Somuncuria somuncurensis Strabomantis helonotus Stumpffia helenae Taudactylus acutirostris Taudactylus eungellensis Taudactylus pleione Taudactylus rheophilus Telmatobius atacamensis Telmatobius cirrhacelis Telmatobius culeus Telmatobius espadai Telmatobius gigas Telmatobius niger Telmatobius pefauri Telmatobius punctatus Telmatobius vellardi Telmatobius zapahuirensis Telmatobufo bullocki Vandijkophrynus amatolicus Werneria iboundji Wolterstorffina chirioi Xanthophryne tigerina Xenopus itombwensis Xenopus longipes

Self-discovery and Understanding of World in Against Meat and Praise Essay

Self-discovery and Understanding of World in Against Meat and Praise of Self-deception - Essay Example Even with the improved capacity to conceive build and design sophisticated equipment, tame some of the wildest beasts the earth has ever known and even travel thousands of miles to the moon, a man seems not to understand his own functionalities. He seems increasingly confused in understanding the most complex machine evolution has provided; the brain. Although scientists at least have clues on how the brain process information, it has always been a dilemma on how the physical and the tangible aspects of the brain easily connect to aspects such as emotions and how the brain affects our decision-making processes. Perhaps the state of chaos and confusion that in most instance human beings conceal behind the mask of ambition, philanthropy, humanity or even religion is better explained by the artistic impressions of artists. The question is whether man has the capacity to find answers on his real self but opts not to, due to fear of what he might discover. Maybe the man is just not able t o self-discover and will in most instances carefully construct theories in an attempt to hide his ineptness in these matters. Using the â€Å"Broken Column† (Self-portrait) by Fridah Kahlo as the yardstick, the paper will conduct an analysis on two texts; â€Å"against meat† and â€Å"praise of self-deception.† The Self. ... The article â€Å"Against Meat† by Jonathan Safran is a narration about his battle with the commitment of being a vegetarian. Safran begins by outlining the initial concept that was nurtured in him concerning meat and how he experienced difficulties in converting to vegetarianism even after realizing the ills associated with meat. Safran learned at an early age from his grandmother that there was no kind of food that was bad and that most parts of food were to be eaten. Safran writes that: No foods are bad for you. Sugars are great. Fats are tremendous. The fatter a child is, the fitter it is — especially if it’s a boy. Safran also mentions that his grandmother had endured the 2nd World War surviving barely enough to eat and was even sometimes forced to scavenge for food remnants in dustbins. As a result, his grandmother’s obsession with food was particularly due to her past experiences with hunger. Then after that Safran learnt from his father that kickin g animals was not good, only for the father to flush a golden fish Safran received as a gift in the toilet. These instances together with the conversation he had with the baby sitter only served to disillusion Safran concerning the ills of eating meat. The disillusionment Safran felt was due to the fact that most people around him ate meat despite believing that eating meat is causing undue distress to animals. Safran admits that the disillusionment had profound impact on his life, that he found himself constantly making excuses to eat meat despite being a vegetarian. Safran proceeds to narrate a life where he hypocritically consoled himself that he had not caused any distress because he had not actually killed but was just consuming what had been killed by another.  

World Religions Report Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

World Religions Report - Assignment Example When looking at individual practices as well as the background of Buddhism, one is able to see specific doctrines and teachings that are applied to one’s life. This is furthered with comparisons of other religions, such as Christianity, the secondary religion investigated, to define the various roles and concepts that are formed with religious beliefs. Background of Buddhism Buddhism is an older religion with origins began in India, Burma and China, where it is still widely practiced. The main principle of Buddhism is to find the Middle Path which consists of the Four Noble Truths. The objective is to see how one can move through this lifetime and reach enlightenment of the spirit. This is followed by the Eightfold Path, which is eight different mechanics which one needs to reach the same enlightenment, or nirvana. Wisdom, morality, right views, resolve, speech, action, effort and mindfulness are the Eightfold Path to obtain enlightenment. The result is that one is able to go through a self – transformation on the intellectual, emotional and moral levels, which is what the Buddhists believe to help one move into enlightenment (Keown, 2009). The spread of Buddhism to the West has not only led to the different components of the main mechanics and teachings. This includes two sectors of Buddhism, including Theravada or Mahayana. The Theravada belief is the ancient belief, stating that the teachings are based on the original teachings for enlightenment. The Mahayana practice also has the main techniques and foundation from the ancient practices. However, this has moved into alternative perspectives and techniques based on practice, such as transformative beliefs, practical solutions for today’s needs and an expansion in the meditation techniques (Fowler, 1999). Interview Summary The interview that was conducted occurred after visiting a Buddhist temple at KSA. The outer area of the temple seems like a regular structure building that was used la ter as a temple. The landscaping has a large amount of greenery and is kept to create a sense of invitation in the building. The internal area of the building has the wheel of Buddhism in various areas, the statue of the laughing Buddha and various paintings and icons that are representative of the religion from the East. An assembly hall is located in the internal area as well as several rooms to the side for worship, meeting and to look into the Buddhist literature. These are each well decorated with the Buddhist symbols and signs, the Buddhist statue and other figurines from the East. A program was being held with the doctrines and beliefs that were associated with the temple, combined with several who were visiting. A Buddhist, by the name of Aaron, was found after the program that agreed to taking the interview and which had time to answer the questions that I required (see Appendix A). Aaron was in his mid – 40s and was a frequent member at the Buddhist temple outside o f his main job as a computer programmer. The information was recorded on an iPhone then transferred to paper later. The individual interviewed had been practicing Buddhism for over 15 years with the basis being in Christianity. The pull toward Buddhism began with the individual not feeling a strong enough basis toward the Christian beliefs while wanting more with the foundation of belief. The individual then decided to visit a Buddhist temple in the area to create a different understanding of religion. The origins of the practice are not practiced by family or relatives while creating an individual approach to the idea of reaching enlightenment. However, the individual also noted that practicing Buddhi

Re-interpretation of the Philosophical Thought of Benjamin Constant :: Philosophy Psychological Psychology Essays

Re-interpretation of the Philosophical Thought of Benjamin Constant ABSTRACT: The liberal French thinker Benjamin Constant develops a conception of human nature which shows the triplicity of being human. Such triplicity manifests itself in the close connection between emotion, rationality, and animality. He also develops an idea of liberty which treats it only as a real, historically conditioned minimalization of external limitations. Liberty thus understood enjoys metaphysical rootedness in human nature. 1. Introductory remarks Benjamin Constant (1767-1830), the French aristocrat, politician, one of the fathers of the French liberalism and, at the same time, the then well-known man of letters is also the author of a voluminous and almost unknown work about religion. It appeared in the years 1824-1833 in Paris in seven volumes, five of which are entitled "De la religion consideree dans sa source, ses formes et ses developpements", and two "Du Polytheisme romain considere dans ses rapports avec la philosphie grecque et la religion chretienne. Constant wrote this work through all his life, changing the fundamental theses and supplementing them as his theoretical knowledge about religion increased and as a result of his personal experiences connected with religion. Although the huge volume of the work is rather perceived as unattractive today and most of the historical material is out of date, it contains interesting philosophical theses which are the crowning achievement of the whole intellectual life of the a uthor. These theses allow us to understand and interpret better the philosophical foundations of Constant's liberalism which are created, among others, by a certain understanding of the human nature i.e. a certain philosophical anthropology, whereas the latter induces an understanding of liberty, peculiar for the Constantian liberalism. 2. The human nature. Constantian theses contained in the work on religion and refering to the human nature can be formulated as follows: 1. A man is not entirely the product of society in which he lives and its culture, but he is a being that can be defined by his stable and unchangeable nature. 2. What the human nature is like can be judged by examining the behaviours common to all people and their creations, for example religion. 3. The human nature is unchangeable . However, the forms change, through which it manifests it self in various periods of the development of humanity. In people's religious behaviour, for example, there is manifested something which is the permanent source of every religion and is inherent in human nature.

Reaction Paper “El Presidente” Essay

Making a historical film is always a tough endeavor. What makes it even more challenging is its subject happens to be a controversial figure in history. And one of these is the El Presidente which was became one of the entries in Metro Manila Film Festival 2012 directed by Mark Meily. He crafts a tale centering about Emilio Aguinaldo, the first president of the First Philippine Republic. This general, politician, and revolutionary leader lived a long, grim, and gainful life from the time of the Philippines’ revolution against the Spanish colonial rule to the American and Japanese. Jeorge â€Å"ER† Estregan plays the lead role with Cesar Montano as Andres Bonifacio. In this film, the story touches on the revolutionary encounters, as well as the many issues, that took place during Aguinaldo’s time. It also explores his inner struggles as a husband, a member of the working class, a war leader, and a politician. It boasts a grand production highlighted by sophisticated cinematography and set pieces. Compared to many other Filipino epic and historical pictures that fall short on their technical ventures, this film gets high marks in its period and action sequences. Even with some inconsistencies and softness lingering in a couple of scenes, many shots still offer that â€Å"WOW† factor for the viewers. And most importantly, the production is still able to live up to the emotional investment such a historical offering needs to promote a sense of nationalism. Clearly, â€Å"El Presidente† is not a perfect film. But in the end, it still shines as a passionate attempt to contribute something valuable for Philippine cinema. This is somehow helps put a man where he belongs in the annals of history, while also inciting a form of curiosity and a sense of patriotism to its intended viewers. It also provokes the audience to have a more open mind on heroism. Even though this person finds h imself makes mistake, for others, or even for the entire country, it still allows certain realizations on how a human being becomes capable of great things. The movie EL PRESIDENTE is based on the life of General Emilio Aguinaldo, the first president of the Philippine Republic. It aims to present a comprehensive narration of his life, achievements and even some controversial issues about him such as his relationship or conflict with other Filipino hero, Andres Bonifacio. At first I’m not interested in watching because I thought it would be boring for us teenagers to watch that kind of movie. But I realized that it would be nice for me as a student or should I say it would be a helpful reference for me to know about the life of Gen.Emilio Aguinaldo and how the first Philippine President fights for our freedom.